Comparative Investigation of Coincident Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Underlying Avian Influenza Viruses in Chickens and Ducks

Avian influenza is a severe viral infection that has the potential to cause human pandemics. In particular, chickens are susceptible many highly pathogenic strains of virus, resulting in significant losses. contrast, ducks have been reported exhibit rapid and effective innate immune responses most avian virus (AIV) infections. To explore distinct genetic programs potentially distinguish susceptibility/resistance both species AIV, investigation coincident SNPs (coSNPs) their differing causal effects on gene functions important gain novel insight into varying immune-related ducks. By conducting pairwise genome alignment between these species, we identified coSNPs respective effect AIV-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) this study. The examination (e.g., CD74, RUBCN, SHTN1 for ABCA3, MAP2K6, VIPR2 ducks) reveals high relevance AIV. Further analysis provides promising effector molecules (such as IκBα, STAT1/STAT3, GSK-3β, or p53) related key signaling pathways NF-κB, JAK/STAT, Wnt) elucidate complex mechanisms AIV infections